The Rapid Exchange of Information System is the EU rapid alert system for unsafe consumer products and the measures taken by the member states to deal with that safety problem. The Commission publishes a weekly overview of RAPEX notifications. Below you will find notifications relating to light electric vehicles. To consult the full details of a notification on the Commission’s website, just click on the week.
The Rapid Exchange of Information System is the EU rapid alert system for unsafe consumer products and the measures taken by the member states to deal with that safety problem. The Commission publishes a weekly overview of RAPEX notifications. Below you will find notifications relating to light electric vehicles. To consult the full details of a notification on the Commission’s website, just click on the week.
| Week | Brand | Type |
| Week 48 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Moustache Bikes | Model: Dimanche 28, Dimanche 29, Friday 28 Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Importer) Recall of product from end users. Date of entry into force 04/11/2024 |
| Week 40 | ||
| Electric Motorcycle | LiveWire | Model: S2 Del Mar Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Importer) Recall of the product from end users. |
| Week 37 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Ouxi | Model: V8 Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other) Withdrawal of the product from the market. Date of entry into force 31/03/2024. |
| Week 35 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Focus | Model: JAM² Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Distributor) Recall of the product from end users. Date of entry into force 01/08/2024. |
| Week 33 | ||
| Power Charger | YZPOWER | Model: YZ130 Risk Type: Electric shock Measures taken by economic operators (Distributor) Recall of product from end users. Date of entry into force 21/03/2024 |
| Week 29 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Fixie Inc. | Model: Backspin Zehus Type/ number of model: ZEHUS AiO GEN2 Motor Risk Type: Fire Measures ordered by economic operators (Manufacturer) Warning consumers of the risks. Date of entry into force 24/06/2024 Measures ordered by economic operators (Manufacturer) Withdrawal of product from the market. Date of entry into force 24/06/2024 |
| Week 28 | ||
| Electric Scooter | DOGEBOS | Model: M4 Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor) Withdrawal of product from the market Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor) Recall of the product from end users Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor) Warning consumers of the risks |
| Week 25 | ||
| ATV | Polaris | Model: Ranger EV Risk Type: Fire, Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Importer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Charger | Kontio Motors | Model: C300 Risk Type: Electric shock Measures taken by economic operators (Importer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Electric Scooter | HECHT MOTORS | Model: HECHT COCIS BLACK Risk Type: Electric shock, Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor) Recall of the product from end users |
| Electric Scooter | RACCEWAY | Model: TDP001Z Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Retailer) Withdrawal of the product from the market |
| Week 19 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Benno | Model: Boost Evo – Bosch Perf CX 500Wh Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other) Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 18 | ||
| Electric Bicycle | Fitch Bike | Model: Miss Moka Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other) Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 11 | ||
| Product: Electric Cargo Bike | Babboe | Model: Mini-E Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other) Recall of the product from end users |
| Product: Electric Cargo Bike | Babboe | Model: City-E Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other) Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 8 | ||
| Product: Electric Motorcycle | Cake | Model: Kalk&, Kalk INK&, Kalk:work, Kalk Ink SL, Kalk INK, Kalk INK Race, Kalk OR, Kalk OR Race, Kalk AP Risk Type: Fire Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturuer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 4 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | VSETT | Model: VSETT 10+pro Risk Type: Electric Shock, Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Importer): Recall of the product from end users. Date of entry into force 20/12/2023. |
The Rapid Exchange of Information System is the EU rapid alert system for unsafe consumer products and the measures taken by the member states to deal with that safety problem. The Commission publishes a weekly overview of RAPEX notifications. Below you will find notifications relating to light electric vehicles. To consult the full details of a notification on the Commission’s website, just click on the week.
| Week | Brand | Type |
| Week 48 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter charger | Sähköskootteri latauslaite | Model: JN-60 Risk Type: Electric shock Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 47 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | Super Soco | Model: Super Soco Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 41 | ||
| Product: Electric bike charger | Battery charger | Model: Unknown Risk Type: Electric shock Measures taken by economic operators (Importer): Ban on the marketing of the product and any accompanying measures |
| Week 38 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | SoFlow | Model: SoFlow 01 Risk Type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (Distributor): Withdrawl of the product from the market |
| Week 35 | ||
| Product: Folding electric bicycle | Eovolt | Model: City et Confort Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Withdrawl of the product from the market |
| Week 33 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | Mademoto | Model: ES8008 Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Withdrawl of the product from the market |
| Product: Electric scooter | SUNRA | Model: Sunra LMJR Risk Type: Electric shock, Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Withdrawl of the product from the market |
| Week 32 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | Dayi Motor | Model: CS1A Risk Type: Injuries Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Withdrawl of the product from the market |
| Week 25 | ||
| Product: Motorcycle | MUVI | Model: Euro 4 Risk Type: Fire Measures taken by economic operators (Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 21 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | Autoskate | Model: Autoskate V2 Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Stop of sales |
| Week 19 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | Windgoo | Model: Windgo M12 Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Import rejected at border |
| Product: Electric Scooter | Nitrox | Model: ALU8 Risk type: Chemical Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Other : Importer stopped selling product when aware of non-compliance |
| Product: Electric Scooter | E Scooter | Model: 39106 Risk type: Chemical Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Removal of this product listing by the online marketplace |
| Week 18 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | E-Wheels | Model: E2S/MK083 Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Stop of sales |
| Product: Electric Scooter | Velocifero | Model: Mad Air 250 W Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Stop of sales |
| Product: Electric Scooter | Hecht | Model: 5125 Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Stop of sales |
| Product: Electric Scooter | Veio | Model: ES5 Nordic Risk type: Environment Measures taken by economic operators (to: Importer): Stop of sales |
| Week 14 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | QiLive | Model: Q.4377 Risk type: Burns, Fire, Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor): Withdrawal of the product from the market. Date of entry into force 06/02/2023. |
| Week 12 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter for children | StayClassy | Model: ClassyWalk Mini Risk type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Other): Ban on the marketing of the product and any accompanying measures. Date of entry into force 13/12/2022 |
| Week 8 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | SMARDA | Model: SMARDA SE – 03 Risk type: Electric shock, Fire, Injuries. Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users. Withdrawal of the product from the market. Warning consumers of the risks. Ban on the marketing of the product and any accompanying measures. Date of entry into force 27/10/2022. |
| Week 7 | ||
| MOOVWAY | Model: DRAISIENNE SPEEDSTER GS NOIR Risk type: Chemical, Injuries. Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Distributor): Recall of the product from end users. Date of entry into force 22/12/2022. | |
| Week 6 | ||
| GASGAS Bicycles Husqvarna E-Bicycles R Raymon | Model: GS22 G CROSS COUNTRY 1.0, GS22 G CROSS COUNTRY 2.0, GS22 G TREKKING 2.0 Wave / Gent, PI21 HQV Eco City EC1, PI21 HQV Eco City EC3, PI21 TOURRAY E 3.0 Gent, RY22 CITYRAY E 1.0, RY22 CROSSRAY E 3.0 Gent / Lady, RY22 CROSSRAY E 5.0 Wave / Gent / Lady, RY22 CROSSRAY E 6.0 Wave / Gent / Lady, RY22 CROSSRAY FS E 4.0, RY22 HARDRAY E 1.0, RY22 HARDRAY E 3.0, RY22 HARDRAY E 4.0, RY22 HARDRAY E 5.0, RY22 HARDRAY E 6.0, RY22 TOURRAY E 3.0 Wave / Gent / Lady, RY22 TOURRAY E 5.0 Wave / Gent / Lady, RY22 TOURRAY E 6.0 Wave / Gent / Lady Risk Type: Injuries. Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users. |
Source: Nederland Elektrisch, M. de Jonge Baas
The study concluded that 42 percent of Dutch individuals over the age of 18 own one or more light electric vehicles, equating to 6 million LEV riders and 6.2 million vehicles. The study had a sample size of 5,000.
Within this bracket, electrical bicycles hold the largest share, with the number of owners growing from 4.6 million to 5.5 million in the last year alone. This equates to an €11.8 billion market value, with the total LEV market growing 24% to reach a value of €12.4 billion.
Alongside a growing market share, the price of electric vehicles also rose in the last year, with the average cost for a city e-bike rising from €1,876 to €2,036.
The Rapid Exchange of Information System is the EU rapid alert system for unsafe consumer products and the measures taken by the member states to deal with that safety problem. The Commission publishes a weekly overview of RAPEX notifications. Below you will find notifications relating to light electric vehicles. To consult the full details of a notification on the Commission’s website, just click on the week.
| Week | Brand | Type |
| Week 51 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | Micro Mobility | Model: MICRO CONDOR II Risk Type: Electric shock Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Distributor): Withdrawal of the product from the market Date of entry into force 22/12/2022 |
| Week 48 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | ZNEN / Modena | Model: ZNEN e-Cruise Risk Type: Burns, fire Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users Date of entry into force 21/11/2022 |
| Product: Speed pedelec | Stromer | Model: ST1, ST3, ST5 Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 43 | ||
| Product: Electric scooter | Minimotors | Model: Bluetran Lightning (26ah, 32ah, 35ah) Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer) Other: Replacement of the M6 screws by more suitable M8 screws, which are more solid Date of entry into force 03/10/2022 |
| Week 42 | ||
| Product: Self-balancing scooter (hoverboard) | KAWASAKI | Model: KX-ST10.1 Risk Type: Electric shock, fire, injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Withdrawal of the product from the market Date of entry into force 12/09/2022 |
| Product: Battery charger | YCF | Model: JPQL-120100 / YC50-1514 Risk Type: Electric shock, fire Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Importer): Withdrawal of the product from the market Date of entry into force 21/09/2022 |
| Week 39 | ||
| Product: Motorcycle | BMW | Model: CE 04 Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Week 23 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | OXELO | Model: 8577081, SC RIDE 900E Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Manufacturer): Withdrawal of the product from the market Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Distributor): Recall of the product from end users Date of entry into force 24/05/2022 |
| Week 8 | ||
| Product: Electric Bicycle | EUROBIKE | Model: EB40 Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Retailer): Stop of sales |
| Week 7 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | MS ENERGY | Model: ES-8-2508 N1 Risk Type: Burns, Fire Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Distributor): Withdrawal of the product from the market |
| Week 1 | ||
| Product: Electric Scooter | KAABO | Model: Mantis 10 : – GT – K800 – Lite – Limited – K2000 Mantis 8 : Lite – Origin – Plus – Up Risk Type: Electric shock, Fire, Injuries Measures ordered by public authorities (to: Importer): Recall of the product from end users |
| Product: Motorcycle | Zero Motorcycles | Model: SR/F Risk Type: Injuries Measures ordered by economic operators (to: Manufacturer): Recall of the product from end users |
Source: European Environment Agency
The EEA assessment ‘Decarbonising road transport — the role of vehicles, fuels and transport demand’ is part of the ‘Transport and environment reporting mechanism’ (TERM) series of annual assessments and focuses on greenhouse gases. According to EEA data, between 2000 and 2019, CO2 emissions from passenger cars in the 27 EU Member States increased by 5.8 %, while emissions from heavy goods vehicles increased by 5.5 %. This was due to growing transport volumes and despite advances in fuel efficiency and an increase in biofuel usage.
Passenger mobility and haulier preferences are yet to change in Europe. Both transport types have maintained and increased their volumes on the road systems, and the efficiency of vehicles’ CO2 emissions, and shifts to greener transport modes, need addressing.
Electric vehicles are set to play an important role in improving our air quality. Increasing the volume of these engine types will help to decarbonize passenger and freight logistics, although the EEA assessment reports that efficiency-gains are not the simple solution to the greenhouse gas problems. Ride-sharing, fuller cargo loads and encouraging the use of public transport, cycling and walking are also required to decarbonise Europe’s mobility system.
To support the overall climate neutrality target, the EU goal is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transport by 90% by 2050, compared with 1990 levels.
The Swiss company Micro has launched its long-awaited configurator today. The more than 30‘000 reservation holders are able to configure the vehicle starting from today. The Microlino marks a new product category between a motorbike and a car aimed to be a more eco-friendly and space-saving alternative to cars. With 12.5kW nominal power, 230l of trunk volume, and up to 230km of range, the Microlino is best in class in the European L7e and L6e vehicle categories. It also is the only vehicle in this category to have a unibody chassis, that improves quality, longevity, and safety compared to conventional tubular frames normally used in the L7e class.
But not just its design and the features are unique: due to the light weight that enables the use of a smaller battery, the Microlino has only about one-third of the carbon footprint of a conventional electric car. In addition, the Microlino is produced in Italy and 90% of its parts are produced in Europe, making its supply chain more sustainable. “This is why the Microlino is probably the most sustainable weather-protected vehicle in existence”, says founder Oliver Ouboter.
Along with the configurator, Micro is releasing the official list prices for the Microlino in Switzerland. Prices will start at 14‘990 CHF including VAT. In Europe, prices will start from approximately 12‘500 EUR excluding VAT. The exact list prices including VAT will be communicated closer to the official launch in the various countries. “Despite the challenges in the worldwide supply chain and multiplication in prices of certain raw materials and doubling in battery prices, we are satisfied to launch a premium and unique light electric vehicle at an affordable price“, says Co-Founder Merlin Ouboter.
The launch edition is called „Pioneer Series“ and is limited to 999 vehicles as an homage to Micro being founded in 1999, with the invention of the first Kickscooter. It is available in two colors only available in the Pioneer Series called Torino Aluminium and Atlantis Blue. All Pioneer Series will be equipped with the medium 10.5kWh battery pack with a range of up to 177km, the sunroof for the ultimate Summer feeling, Infinity-LED Lightbars with integrated blinkers front and rear, premium vegan leather and Alcantara interior, portable Bluetooth speakers, the storage pack and will each have a unique number visible on the inside. In addition, they will all come with an original Micro Kick scooter in the trunk to cover the last mile. The Pioneer Series will have a price of 20‘990 CHF including VAT or roughly 18‘500 EUR excluding VAT in European countries. “The Pioneer Series is for the true Pioneers that want to help make mobility more eco-friendly and space-saving. Because let’s face it: we have to make mobility not only electric but also lighter and smaller“, says Wim Ouboter, who founded Micro in 1999.
Swiss customers are asked to make a deposit of 500 CHF to secure their spot on the waiting list. Next, they will be selected based on their location, configuration, and reservation date to make their final order. Micro plans to do a series of test-drive events to make sure that as many customers as possible can test drive the Microlino. The exact dates and locations of these events will be announced at the end of June. By then, Micro will also give all details about the service and sales net in Switzerland. The first deliveries will take place from Micro‘s own brand center near Zurich this Summer.
Customers outside of Switzerland can for now use the configurator and make a reservation without a deposit. Once deliveries in a market are near, these customers to have to make a deposit to secure their spot in the waiting line. The next markets that will be launched are Germany and Italy. First deliveries for these two markets are expected by the end of 2022.
The company targets to produce up to 1500 vehicles this year in a factory that it is operating in Turin, Italy, together with its partner CECOMP. Eventually, the company will be able to produce up to 10,000 vehicles in this factory per year. “The demand that we see is huge and we are considering increasing our capacity even further in the future. For this year, we focus on quality, not quantity“, says Oliver Ouboter. The first customer deliveries in Switzerland will take place this summer, and German and Italian deliveries will start towards the end of 2022.
All Technical Specifications:
Max. Speed 90 km/h
Acceleration (0-50km/h) 5 s
Nominal Power 12.5 kW
Peak Power 19 kW
Torque 89 Nm
Range 91/177/230 km*
Batteries 6 kWh, 10.5 kWh, 14 kWh**
Charging Time 0-80% 4h (6 kWh Battery)
3h (10.5 kWh battery)
4h (14 kWh battery)
Battery chemistry Lithium-Ion (NMC/NCA)
Curb weight 435 kg (excl. battery)
Seats 2
Trunk volume (l) 230 l
*Preliminary data
**Available Q1/23
Source: Sean Goulding Carroll | EURACTIV.com
The European Environment Agency (EEA) conducted the study and estimated that 307,000 people died prematurely in 2019 due to exposure to fine particulate matter. Respiratory issues, lung cancer, heart disease and strokes were reported risks from exposure to air pollution, most notably for residents living alongside dense traffic.
Cited by the EEA as “the biggest environmental health risk in Europe”, the health problems are put high on the agendas of local governments. Air quality standards are agreed in Brussels by national parliaments, but it is the public authorities who enforce them. Indeed, Thomas Lymes, a policy advisor with the city network, EUROCITIES, comments that “cutting air pollution is a matter of social justice for public authorities because people that are most affected by air pollution are households with low income that essentially live next to big urban roads and major transport corridors.”
Cutting pollution
European cities have put in place an array of directives to tackle the pollution issue. The removal of vehicles from city streets and promoting alternative means of transport are popular reactions. Cycling remains one of the main alternatives and many cities are expanding cycle networks; Paris aiming to be completely accessible by bicycle by 2026, for example. Bloomberg reported Paris’ quest to install 180 kilometres of cycle lanes, while Brussels is offering residents €900 to give up their car and instead, buy a bicycle, purchase a public transport pass, or join a car-sharing service.
Vehicles not meeting emissions standards are being charged £12.50 per day to drive into some parts of London in order to combat the city’s pollution issue. These Ultra-low Emission Zones will be expanded across the Capital by the end of 2023 to encourage alternatives, although emissions will not be completely eradicated even with the increased use of cleaner vehicles.
Non-exhaust particulate matter
Not so recognised are toxins from brakes and tyres, according to Matteo Barisione, a policy manager with the European Public Health Alliance. He also considers the uptake in larger vehicles to be problematic, commenting, “Decreasing the size and the mass of vehicles reduces harmful pollutant emissions as well as their CO2 emissions, life cycle ecological footprint, and road accident risks.”
Euro 7 rules
In-keeping with Barisione’s thinking, Euro 7, a forthcoming regulation setting EU vehicle pollution standards, is to include brake particles for the first time. Auto industry lobby group ACEA have welcomed this introduction but consider that more needs to be done with introducing the measurement procedure to reach a quantifiable result.
“ACEA does not oppose a regulation addressing brake wear particle emissions. However, a stable and representative test is a prerequisite for determining the real level of brake wear emissions, and subsequently for deciding on any appropriate limit levels,” an ACEA spokesperson told EURACTIV.
Car manufacturers have additionally raised concerns that changes made to braking systems may have an impact of their performance, although this has been quashed by Tallano, a French start-up that produces filters to remove brake dust. Founder Christophe Rocca-Serra told EURACTIV that, “Products like ours, which capture particles at source by suction, pose no risk to the effectiveness of brakes.”
Of course, increasing the use of electric vehicles will dramatically improve air quality when compared to regular internal combustion engines. Anna Krajinska, emission engineer with Transport & Environment, meticulously told EURACTIV, “For the sake of people’s health it is critical that all sources of particulate pollution from all vehicles are tackled as soon as possible.”
Source: Axios
These new, tangible effects of EV uptake are helping to challenge the opinion that such vehicles are a niche climate technology. Over the past 6 years, the amount of oil displaced by EVs has doubled. Download the full report by BloombergNEF, here.
A key fact from the report that will be especially interesting to LEVA-EU readers states, “Two- and three-wheeled EVs accounted for 67% of the oil demand avoided in 2021,” attributed to rapid adoption in Asia. It can be assumed that the majority of these vehicles would be classified as Light Electric Vehicles.
Two- and three-wheeled EVs were followed by buses, which displaced 16% of total oil, and passenger vehicles, the fastest-growing segment, which displaced 13%.
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