Tag Archive: France

  1. France enforces clearly defined regulations against pedelec tuning

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    Source: SAZ Bike

    France has in place stringent measures to curb illegal pedelec tuning to reinforce safety and compliance in its micromobility sector, which can be seen as a benchmark for other countries. Since April 1, 2016, Decree No. 2016-364 has established comprehensive safety regulations for bicycles and electrically assisted bicycles.

    Ernst Brust, a micromobility expert, has highlighted to SAZ Bike that France’s regulatory framework can be used as a model for other countries’ approach to regulating the sector. According to Brust, manufacturers and retailers are responsible for ensuring that essential safety components, such as brakes, steering, and drivetrain, are installed at the factory. Consumers are only permitted to modify non-safety-related parts, such as wheels, pedals, or the saddle, and must follow explicit manufacturer instructions. Additionally, permanent labeling, including manufacturer information and serial numbers, is mandated.

    The French decree requires pedelecs to be equipped with two independent braking systems, secure quick-release mechanisms, and mandatory lighting. Detailed user manuals specifying assembly, usage, and maintenance are also compulsory, with manufacturers obligated to document product safety for a minimum of ten years.

    A key aspect of the regulation is the clear distinction between different types of electrically assisted bicycles:

    • Pedelecs (Vélo à Assistance Électrique, VAE): These bicycles provide electrical assistance only when the rider is pedaling and have a maximum speed of 25 km/h. They are legally classified as bicycles.
    • Speed pedelecs: Unlike pedelecs, these vehicles can operate with an independent electric drive and are categorized as mopeds. They require a driving license, insurance, and registration.

    By enforcing this distinction, the French authorities aim to prevent legal ambiguities and enhance road safety for all users.

    Brust further underscores the consequences of pedelec modifications, stating that tampering with motor control systems or speed limitations is illegal and poses significant risks to both riders and other road users.

    Legal and financial consequences

    Violating the decree is classified as a fifth-class administrative offense, leading to penalties that may include:

    • Fines of up to €1,500 (increasing to €3,000 for repeat offenses)
    • Confiscation of the non-compliant product
    • Sales bans and market withdrawal of modified pedelecs

    Furthermore, a modified pedelec that exceeds the 25 km/h speed limit is reclassified as a moped under French law. This reclassification results in additional legal obligations, including:

    • Driving license requirement
    • Compulsory insurance
    • Registration and license plate requirements
    • Mandatory helmet use
    • Failure to comply with these requirements constitutes a criminal offense, with severe penalties such as:
    • Fines of up to 3,750 euros for driving without insurance
    • Fines of up to 15,000 euros, and potential imprisonment, for driving without a license
    • Immediate vehicle confiscation by law enforcement authorities
    • Personal liability for damages in accidents without valid insurance

    By implementing its latest defined measures, France aims to enhance road safety and regulatory clarity while deterring illegal pedelec tuning.

  2. Subsidies on bike purchases eliminated in France

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    Source: Bike Europe

    The recent budget crisis in France, which has stirred significant political turmoil, is now impacting the bicycle and e-bike industry.

    Without prior notice, the French government has announced the abrupt termination of all state subsidies for bicycle and e-bike purchases. The decision has sparked widespread concern within the industry, with the Alliance for Cycling warning of severe repercussions.

    In late November, the government revealed that the ‘ecological bonus‘ program, which supported bicycle purchases for both individuals and businesses, will end next year. Starting from December 2, 2024, bicycles invoiced or rented for the first time after February 14, 2025, will no longer qualify for state aid.

    Backlash from the cycling community

    Patrick Guinard, president of France Vélo, criticized the government’s sudden decision, stating, “These decisions were taken without the slightest consultation, in total contradiction to studies showing the benefits of cycling—for the planet, the economy, health, and social cohesion.” He emphasized that this move undermines recent progress made during a pro-cycling five-year term.

    E-bike market at risk

    The bicycle subsidy, introduced in 2017, led to a doubling of sales, according to Union Sport & Cycle. Despite subsequent restrictions, subsidies still accounted for 10% of e-bike purchases. Earlier this year, the program was extended to 2027 and expanded to include secondhand bicycles. Research highlighted its positive effects on public health, regional economies, and the decarbonization of transportation.

    Additionally, the ‘conversion bonus‘, which allowed consumers to trade in their cars for e-bikes, was a notable achievement of the 2021 Climate and Resilience Regulation. In 2023 alone, the government paid out €40 million in subsidies, with grants ranging from €150 to €2,000, depending on the type of bicycle and the recipient’s financial situation. In low-emission zones, additional premiums of up to €1,000 were available.

    Challenges for the cycling industry

    Industry groups such as Réseau Vélo et Marche, FUB, Union Sport & Cycle, and APIC have emphasized the importance of the subsidy program in rebuilding France’s bicycle production sector. In a joint statement, they noted a 24% decline in bicycle production and a 13% drop in sales compared to 2022. They warned that while electric cars continue to receive government support, neglecting e-bikes risks derailing progress in the cycling industry.

    Cargo bikes, in particular, have seen significant growth due to subsidies, with sales quadrupling between 2022 and 2023. “The subsidy program has been a crucial driver for developing a sustainable and ambitious cycling industry in France,” the statement concluded.

    The abrupt halt to these subsidies marks a significant challenge for France’s efforts to promote cycling as a sustainable mode of transportation. Industry leaders are urging the government to reconsider its decision to preserve the momentum built over recent years.

  3. Opening of the fourth edition of the Propulse programme of the Transportation Innovation Agency

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    Source: Ministry of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion

    The Propulse programme aims to enable the acceleration and development of mobility innovations that significantly contribute to public policies aimed at combating climate change, preserving the environment, building territorial cohesion, providing resilience to crises, and driving digital transformation in society.

    Three project calls for the 2024-2025 edition

    The fourth edition of the Propulse programme features three focus areas:

    • Sustainable transport: Supporting innovative projects at the prototype stage that contribute to sustainable and decarbonized mobility solutions. Up to 10 projects will be selected.
    • Data sharing: Facilitating the deployment of data sharing solutions within the mobility ecosystem. Up to 5 projects will be selected.
    • Multimodality and intermodality: Promoting the deployment of multimodal and intermodal solutions to benefit users and regions. Up to 7 projects will be selected.

    Open to all public or private stakeholders, start ups, entrepreneurs, companies, or associations. For this edition, winners will receive nine months of tailored support, which includes addressing potential regulatory challenges, offering contractual and legal guidance (particularly in public procurement), networking with experts and the Ministry’s scientific and technical network, finding experimentation sites, and assistance in securing public and private funding.

    The first three editions supported 56 winners, with each new edition continuing to select projects that show significant progress.

    Calendar of calls for projects

    • July 3, 2024: Announcement and publication of the three calls for projects on the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Territorial Cohesion’s website.
    • September 6, 2024 (10 a.m. to 12 p.m.): Webinar to present the calls for projects (registration by email: propulse.agence.innovation@transports.gouv.fr).
    • September 30, 2024: Application deadline.
    • December 2024: Jury evaluations.
    • January 2025: Announcement of winners.

  4. Global micromobility market predicted to be worth $250 billion by 2035

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    Source: ZAG Daily

    According to McKinsey and Zag Daily, the global micromobility market is anticipated to reach $520 billion by 2035. This projection marks a substantial increase of $360 billion from its current value and $180 billion from McKinsey’s previous estimate for 2030.

    The unveiling of McKinsey’s findings precedes a panel discussion titled ‘McKinsey’s Latest Micromobility Market Sizing and Consumer Insights,’ scheduled to be hosted by Associate Partner Anja Huber and Expert Darius Scurtu at the Micromobility Europe expo in Amsterdam.

    “The main underlying drivers for our predictions on the global micromobility market are regulation and consumer behaviour,” Darius Scurtu from the McKinsey Center for Future Mobility said.

    “We expect that cities and countries will continue to support micromobility to reach their climate targets as one of many “sustainable” modes, and thus further invest in micromobility infrastructure, provide purchase subsidies, or partner with private micromobility operators.

    “We also see rising consumer interest to integrate micromobility into their everyday lives, since modes such as e-bikes allow for longer trips and more use cases, and since micromobility will often become the cheaper and more convenient mode of travel compared to private cars, particularly in inner cities.”

    Market dynamics

    Currently, the top five European countries collectively command nearly 50% of the European micromobility market, totalling a value pool of $29 billion. Among these leading markets, Germany, France, and the UK claim the top spots. McKinsey defines value pools as encompassing one-time vehicle sales along with downstream revenues such as aftermarket services and maintenance.

    Attributing the dominance of these markets to factors like population size, pricing of micromobility vehicles, and existing bicycle infrastructure, McKinsey predicts market consolidation over the next three years, with slower uptake compared to initial forecasts due to subdued consumer demand.

    E-bikes and consumer preferences

    McKinsey’s research also reveals that e-bikes presently constitute nearly 40% of Europe’s micromobility market, valued at approximately $22 billion. This segment is projected to grow at a rate of 13% annually, reaching $110 billion by 2035. The increasing preference for e-bikes is evident from consumers’ willingness to spend 9% more on their next bicycle purchase, driven by factors like convenience and expanding use cases.

    Darius emphasized the versatility of e-bikes, which cater to various needs effortlessly, making them more appealing to consumers compared to conventional bikes or other micromobility options. Their Mobility Consumer Survey from 2024 indicates that a majority of e-bike owners use their vehicles for everyday commuting, underscoring its popularity among global consumers.

  5. New bike taxi service kicks off in Paris

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    Source: The Mayor

    From the 23rd of February, a fresh mode of transportation became available for hire on the streets of Paris. Dubbed Heetch Bike, this innovative service introduces a taxi alternative where a cyclist chauffeurs a passenger cabin. Initially, its operations are confined to weekends. Heetch Bike itself is distinct from conventional car cabs and the trending tuk-tuks, which have recently gained favour among tourists in the French capital.

    Heetch Bike aims to assuage concerns surrounding the viability of this type of transport hire with its ambitious proposition: “Our promise is travel within Paris 40% faster and 20% cheaper than VTC,” as quoted by 20Minutes. VTC is the French term for cab services operating beyond the traditional taxi licensure sphere, encompassing various hired transport services with drivers, such as Uber. Heetch Bike aims to capitalize on the surging popularity of bicycles in Paris and the decreasing role of private cars.

    According to Actu Paris, the company’s assertion of faster service than cabs is predicated on the anticipation of Limited Traffic Zone (ZTLs) implementation in the city centre later this year, which will curtail and confine car traffic in the area. This presents a prime opportunity for sustainable mobility alternatives like bicycles to take over the streets as a swifter means of navigating downtown Paris.

    For those concerned about the comfort level of bike taxis compared to cars, Heetch Bike assures that their cabins feature heated bench seats, protective windshields, and a glass roof. Therefore, passengers are guaranteed a comfortable journey regardless of atmospheric conditions.

  6. Parisians vote to triple parking fees for SUVs

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    Source: France 24

    According to official results from city hall, Parisian voters on Sunday approved a proposal by the city’s socialist mayor, Anne Hidalgo, to triple parking fees for large SUV-style vehicles.

    In the recent vote, 54.55% of Parisians supported a proposal to increase parking charges for cars weighing 1.6 tonnes or more to €18 per hour in the city centre and €12 further out. However, only 5.7% (78,000) of the 1.3 million eligible voters participated at the 39 voting stations across the French capital.

    Mayor Anne Hidalgo celebrated the outcome as a “clear choice of Parisians” in favour of a measure deemed “good for our health and good for the planet.” Exemptions include fully electric cars exceeding two tonnes, Paris residents or workers, taxi drivers, tradespeople, health workers, and people with disabilities.

    Supporters, like Gregoire Marchal, emphasized the ecological and societal aspects of the measure, encouraging a reconsideration of personal behaviour regarding car use. Nevertheless, not all voters shared the sentiment, with some expressing dissatisfaction with what they perceived as Hidalgo’s dictatorial approach.

    Under Hidalgo’s leadership, Paris has implemented measures such as pedestrianizing streets and building cycle lanes to discourage driving and reduce emissions. SUVs, labelled an “aberration” by environmental group WWF, have been singled out for their increased fuel consumption, safety concerns, and greater use of public space.

    Critics argue against the imprecise targeting of SUVs, with concerns raised about the scheme’s classification and potential impacts on different types of vehicles. The opposition questions the transparency of the referendum, accusing the city government of manipulation.

    Drivers’ groups and France’s Environment Minister, Christophe Bechu, criticize the SUV surcharge as punitive environmentalism, advocating for a focus on vehicle weight rather than a specific category. Hidalgo’s transport chief estimates that around 10% of Paris vehicles would be affected, generating up to €35 million annually.

    The anti-SUV initiative in Paris has inspired similar plans in Lyon, where the Green party mayor intends to introduce a three-tier parking fee for residents and visitors starting in June. The recent referendum’s turnout echoes a trend seen in a previous vote on banning rental scooters, emphasizing the challenges of engaging citizens in local decision-making.

  7. Laka acquires French e-bike insurance broker Cylantro

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    European mobility insurer Laka, who provide a range of insurance and circular economy services to e-bike riders, enthusiast cyclists and companies, has announced the acquisition of Cylantro, a French e-bike insurance broker.

    The company at the same time publicised its latest funding round, with the aim of building upon its leadership in the Green Mobility sector. The equity plus debt round of €7.6 million, was led by leading impact investor Shift4Good, alongside existing investors Autotech Ventures, Porsche Ventures, Ponooc, ABN AMRO Ventures, Creandum, 1818 Ventures & Elkstone Partners. Previous angel investors include Zwift CEO and co-founder, Eric Min. The fresh capital will be used to amplify Laka’s efforts to enable more customers to transition to more environmentally friendly modes of transport.

    The CEO and founder of Cylantro, Thomas Arnou, has joined Laka, specifically overseeing operations in the French market. This strategic move has been prompted, in part, by the notable surge in e-bike and bicycle sales, as well as the increasing prevalence of cycling as a mode of transportation in France, outpacing other European nations. Cylantro, headquartered in Paris, operates as an insurance brokerage firm with a distinct specialization in catering to the unique requirements of its clientele in the realm of bicycles and e-bikes.

    Arnou commented: “Cylantro was in the unique position of having a lot of acquisition interest and, therefore, able to get a clear vision of the competitor landscape. We chose to join forces with Laka because of their aligned core principles – customer first and best-in-class claims handling. We’re ready to build the European leader together.”

    Tobias Taupitz, CEO and co-founder of Laka, said: “We’re excited to welcome onboard the Cylantro team to Laka. Thomas and his team have built up a fantastic offering in France, and we can’t wait to ramp up our presence across the country. E-bikes are expected to outgrow car sales by 2025 in Europe and we see huge potential in France, where the sales of bikes and e-bikes are growing at double-digits.

    “We are also excited to welcome Shift4Good as an investor, and we look forward to working with them to expand our commitments to decarbonising mobility, by making it easier for consumers to insure and protect their bikes or e-bikes.”

    Matthieu de Chanville, Co-founder and Managing Partner at Shift4Good, commented: “It is a great honour to assist Laka in accelerating within the highly promising market of smart mobility. Laka returns insurance to its pure, mutual heritage. Laka’s members and their shared interests incentivise positive behaviour which in turn benefits the entire community. We have full confidence in the team, their tech stack, and the momentum of Laka. We are committed to providing substantial support in both Europe today and Asia tomorrow to further their mission of decarbonizing road mobility. Creating global leaders through innovative technology isn’t just our mission; it’s a daily passion, as exceptional entrepreneurs are pivotal in driving a sustainable economy.”

    About Laka

    Laka, winner of the ‘Best Cycle Insurance Provider’ Award four years in a row, was founded to better serve individual cyclists and businesses with a fairer, collective-driven approach to insurance. With a tech-driven and customer-centric approach, Laka has built on being an award-winning cycle insurer, to now being uniquely positioned as the go-to micromobility insurance provider in the UK and Europe. www.laka.co

  8. France’s 2023-2027 Cycling and Walking Plan is Launched

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    The first “Cycling and walking” interministerial committee was held on May 5, 2023, by French Prime Minister, Élisabeth Borne, to establish a real cycling culture.

    Source: French Government

    In the pursuit of ensuring all citizens have an eco-friendly transportation option, France recognises the importance of incorporating cycling and walking. The enthusiasm for this is evident, with a notable surge of 52% in the use of bicycle routes since 2017.

    The “Cycling and Walking Plan 2023-2027” sees the State investing 2 billion euros. “We will work with local authorities and hope that, alongside them, we will be able to invest 6 billion euros over the period,” said Élisabeth Borne.

    The plan targets three lines of action to make cycling and walking integral to the lifestyles of all French people:

    • Encouraging cycling from an early age.
    • Promote cycling as an alternative to conventional modes of transport.
    • Develop an economic and industrial cycle sector.

    1. Make cycling accessible to everyone, from an early age

    Objective: 850,000 children to be taught to ride a bicycle each year.

    Since 2019, 200,000 children have been trained by the “Know How to Ride a Bike” program.

    2. Make cycling and walking an alternative to private cars and public transport

    Objective: reach 80,000 km in 2027, and 100,000 km in 2030, of secure cycling facilities, including cycle lanes.

    250 million euros will be dedicated each year to accelerating the development of cycling facilities in France.

    By the end of 2022, 57,000 km of secure cycle facilities will be deployed across the country.

    3. Make cycling an economic lever by supporting French players in the sector

    Objective: the assembly of 1.4 million bicycles in France by 2027, and 2 million in 2030. To facilitate this, a call for projects will be launched in 2030.

    This new plan aims to promote innovation and structure a complete economic sector around the bicycle, from assembly to recycling.

  9. Paris set to vote on the future of e-scooters

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    Source: Forbes, C. O’Brien

    After 4 years of electric scooter-sharing services in France’s capital city, the Mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, has confirmed a vote to determine if the micromobility option will be banned in the city.

    The referendum in April has been announced following a lengthy review by city officials, with the mayor herself in favour of the ban. What are the key issues facing the use of e-scooters in Paris?

    • National laws are vague in terms of regulation.
    • Residents feel that riders are reckless.
    • Excessive riding on sidewalks and in pedestrianised areas.
    • Poor parking and the free-floating nature of the service have created an eyesore.
    • Antisocial use of the devices, particularly by tourists.

    It should be noted that steps have been taken to address some of these concerns, such as limiting speeds and releasing a clear code of conduct, but the e-scooters remain extremely divisive.

    With 12 active bike and e-scooter sharing services in the city, Paris is one of the largest markets for micromobility services. The results of this referendum will therefore be watched closely by industry and consumers alike; the conclusion may well inform future decisions in comparable locations.